Scientists Find Planets and Stars Very Similar to Earth and Sun.

Scientists have discovered Earth-like exoplanets that have the potential to be inhabited. The star is also similar to the Sun.

This exoplanet - which was still determined as a planetary candidate until further confirmation - has the exact distance from its star to allow for a surface full of liquid. In other words, it has the potential to accommodate life.

"It's twice the size of Earth and has a star like the Sun that makes it so special and familiar," Rene Heller, the study's leader, said in a statement.

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Rene and his team from the Max Planck Institute for Solar Systems Research describe the planets and stars in a study published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

For now, the planetary candidate is named KOI-456.04. If its existence is confirmed by another telescope, it will join a group of 4,000 planets known to be outside the Solar System.

What makes it habitable?

To be considered habitable, the planet must orbit a star at a stable distance that allows it to maintain temperatures that are in accordance with the liquid.

The Milky Way Galaxy can hold up to 10 billion planets that have characteristics like Earth. Around 4,000 of them have been identified.

Most exoplanets do not have the necessary conditions for life. However, from planets that have the potential to be inhabited, researchers have found the orbit of a red dwarf star, but that is not stable enough. Red dwarfs are smaller and fainter than the Sun and emit infrared radiation. They also sometimes release high-energy flares that can 'fry' the surrounding planets.

In addition, among exoplanets orbiting stars like the Sun, most are much larger than Earth — usually the size of Neptune (four times the size of Earth). These larger planets tend to trap too much hydrogen in their atmosphere and such gas giants are unable to hold fluid.

This planetary candidate is very promising

This latest discovery came after astronomers retested data from the Kepler space telescope that NASA retired in October 2018. The telescope passed the "torch" exoplanet hunter to the TESS satellite which began its observations in August 2018.

Because KOI-456.04 is less than double the size of Earth, it could be that the atmosphere has the same conditions as our planet. Furthermore, the star in the planet's candidate orbit is 1.1 times the size of the Sun with a surface temperature of 5,200 degrees Celsius (only 300 degrees Celsius lower than the Sun).

The star also emits clear light, like the Sun.

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If the atmosphere of KOI-456.04 is like Earth, then the average surface temperature is around 5 degrees Celsius, compared to the Earth's average which is around 15 degrees Celsius.

The planetary system is 3,000 light years from our Solar System.

Future space telescopes may be able to learn more about candidate planets. NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency plan to launch the James Webb space telescope in 2021. The European Space Agency's PLATO Telescope also plans to be launched in 2026 and will focus on searching for planets such as Earth orbiting a Star like the Sun.


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